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コモン・ロー，憲法，自由(7)―19世紀後期アメリカ法理論とLochner判決―
https://chuo-u.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/11894
https://chuo-u.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/1189430202105-f202-4fcb-9ae5-764a0dc615f2
| 名前 / ファイル | ライセンス | アクション |
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本文を見る (864.1 kB)
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| Item type | 紀要論文 / Departmental Bulletin Paper(1) | |||||||||
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| 公開日 | 2019-10-11 | |||||||||
| タイトル | ||||||||||
| タイトル | コモン・ロー，憲法，自由(7)―19世紀後期アメリカ法理論とLochner判決― | |||||||||
| タイトル | ||||||||||
| タイトル | Common Law, the Constitution, and Liberty: Legal Theory in the LateNineteenth Century and Its Influence upon Lochner (7) | |||||||||
| 言語 | en | |||||||||
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| 言語 | jpn | |||||||||
| キーワード | ||||||||||
| 主題Scheme | Other | |||||||||
| 主題 | ロスコー・パウンド | |||||||||
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| 主題Scheme | Other | |||||||||
| 主題 | 契約の自由 | |||||||||
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| 主題Scheme | Other | |||||||||
| 主題 | 立法の科学 | |||||||||
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| 主題Scheme | Other | |||||||||
| 主題 | 歴史法学 | |||||||||
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| 主題Scheme | Other | |||||||||
| 主題 | コモン・ロー的憲法論 | |||||||||
| 資源タイプ | ||||||||||
| 資源タイプ識別子 | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 | |||||||||
| 資源タイプ | departmental bulletin paper | |||||||||
| 著者 |
清水, 潤
× 清水, 潤
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| 著者別名(英) | ||||||||||
| 識別子Scheme | WEKO | |||||||||
| 識別子 | 29300 | |||||||||
| 姓名 | Shimizu, Jun | |||||||||
| 言語 | en | |||||||||
| 抄録 | ||||||||||
| 内容記述タイプ | Abstract | |||||||||
| 内容記述 | This series of articles examines the common law backgrounds of late nineteenth and early twentieth century American constitutional theory. At that time, the Supreme Court of the United States declared many socioeconomic regulations, including labor laws, to be void under the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution. According to conventional wisdom, conservative justices hated progressive social reform and preferred big business. For those reasons, it is said, they held the laws unconstitutional. However, these articles propose another explanation. Constitutional theory at that time was based on the common law tradition. Justices in the Lochner era tended to defend common law rights and common law principles in their constitutional interpretations. They considered constitutional rights protected by the Constitution to have been derived from the common law tradition. This installment examines the decline of common law-based constitutionalism in the twentieth century. In the Lochner era, justices and jurists identified common law rights with constitutional rights, believing that constitutional principles and cases were derived from those of the common law. However, progressive lawyers began attacking this approach. Roscoe Pound criticized the common law at that time because he thought it was based on anachronistic principles such as individual liberty and absolute property rights. These principles, he believed, prevented social justice in an age of industrialization. Common law judges had created various rules disadvantageous to employees. Pound believed that legislators should abolish such rules and create a new social regime. Pound also criticized the historical jurisprudence that was rampant in the nineteenth century. According to him, contemporary sciences had already adopted pragmatic and inductive methods, and only legal studies—based on historical methods—adhered to the old-fashioned deductive structure. This, he said, resulted in the persistence of old common law concepts such as liberty of contract. He felt the situation prevented lawyers from accommodating new needs of people in a modern industrialized era. Pound thought that common law rules and principles should not be incorporated in constitutional jurisprudence. The liberty of contract protected by the common law, for example, was not worth constitutional protection. Likewise, he said, legislators should be able to change and eliminate common law rules protecting property rights and personal liberties without struggling under constitutional constraints enforced by the judicial branch. |
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| 書誌情報 |
中央ロー・ジャーナル 巻 15, 号 3, p. 109-125, 発行日 2018-12-20 |
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| 出版者 | ||||||||||
| 出版者 | 中央ロー・ジャーナル編集委員会 | |||||||||
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| 収録物識別子タイプ | ISSN | |||||||||
| 収録物識別子 | 1349-6239 | |||||||||
| 権利 | ||||||||||
| 権利情報 | この資料の著作権は、資料の著作者または学校法人中央大学に帰属します。著作権法が定める私的利用・引用を超える使用を希望される場合には、掲載誌発行部局へお問い合わせください。 | |||||||||
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| 内容記述タイプ | Other | |||||||||
| 内容記述 | application/pdf | |||||||||
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| 出版タイプ | VoR | |||||||||
| 出版タイプResource | http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85 | |||||||||
