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ハンガリーにおける体制転換と民法典 -ソ連およびロシア連邦と比較して-
https://chuo-u.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/2002212
https://chuo-u.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/2002212edd56b04-6231-4f58-ac13-84277c6ad3fa
| 名前 / ファイル | ライセンス | アクション |
|---|---|---|
1349-6239_21_2_03-34.pdf (2.0 MB)
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| Item type | 紀要論文 / Departmental Bulletin Paper(1) | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 公開日 | 2025-03-31 | |||||||||||
| タイトル | ||||||||||||
| タイトル | ハンガリーにおける体制転換と民法典 -ソ連およびロシア連邦と比較して- | |||||||||||
| 言語 | ja | |||||||||||
| タイトル | ||||||||||||
| タイトル | Articles The Regime Change in Hungary and the Civil Codes:Comparing it with that in the Soviet Union and the Russian Federation | |||||||||||
| 言語 | en | |||||||||||
| 言語 | ||||||||||||
| 言語 | jpn | |||||||||||
| キーワード | ||||||||||||
| 言語 | ja | |||||||||||
| 主題Scheme | Other | |||||||||||
| 主題 | ハンガリー | |||||||||||
| キーワード | ||||||||||||
| 言語 | ja | |||||||||||
| 主題Scheme | Other | |||||||||||
| 主題 | 1959年民法典 | |||||||||||
| キーワード | ||||||||||||
| 言語 | ja | |||||||||||
| 主題Scheme | Other | |||||||||||
| 主題 | 2013年民法典 | |||||||||||
| キーワード | ||||||||||||
| 言語 | ja | |||||||||||
| 主題Scheme | Other | |||||||||||
| 主題 | ロシア | |||||||||||
| キーワード | ||||||||||||
| 言語 | ja | |||||||||||
| 主題Scheme | Other | |||||||||||
| 主題 | ソ連 | |||||||||||
| キーワード | ||||||||||||
| 言語 | ja | |||||||||||
| 主題Scheme | Other | |||||||||||
| 主題 | 近代 | |||||||||||
| キーワード | ||||||||||||
| 言語 | ja | |||||||||||
| 主題Scheme | Other | |||||||||||
| 主題 | 多元的所有権 | |||||||||||
| キーワード | ||||||||||||
| 言語 | ja | |||||||||||
| 主題Scheme | Other | |||||||||||
| 主題 | 契約の自由 | |||||||||||
| キーワード | ||||||||||||
| 言語 | ja | |||||||||||
| 主題Scheme | Other | |||||||||||
| 主題 | 生活パートナーシップ | |||||||||||
| キーワード | ||||||||||||
| 言語 | ja | |||||||||||
| 主題Scheme | Other | |||||||||||
| 主題 | 苦痛補償 | |||||||||||
| キーワード | ||||||||||||
| 言語 | ja | |||||||||||
| 主題Scheme | Other | |||||||||||
| 主題 | 莫大損害 | |||||||||||
| キーワード | ||||||||||||
| 言語 | ja | |||||||||||
| 主題Scheme | Other | |||||||||||
| 主題 | 暴利行為 | |||||||||||
| 資源タイプ | ||||||||||||
| 資源タイプ識別子 | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 | |||||||||||
| 資源タイプ | departmental bulletin paper | |||||||||||
| 著者 |
伊藤,知義
× 伊藤,知義
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| 抄録 | ||||||||||||
| 内容記述タイプ | Abstract | |||||||||||
| 内容記述 | This paper analyses the following subjects: What is the deference between the 2013 Hungarian Civil Code and the 1959 socialist Civil Code; and does the Hungarian law experience before socialism have any influence on the new and the old Civil Codes? The author tries to compare those Civil Codes with that of the Soviet Union and the Russian Federation. Hungary had a long history of written legal rules before socialism. Those are Werböczy’s Tripartitum of the 16. century, the Austrian ABGB, the Provisional Rules of Jurisdiction of 1861 and many drafts of the Civil Code around the turn of the 20. century. It is true that those rules had sustained various feudal elements, but the newer rules received many modern elements as well and they had a strong influence on the law practice, even when they were not adopted as official laws. The old code of 1959 was enacted under socialist regime. It means that it had many new socialist legal norms, which were forced to receive into Hungarian law. Nevertheless, it did not abandon all legacies of Hungarian legal tradition. Roman law, an influence of which Speranski, a drafter of the “Свод Законов Российской Империи” (Collection of Laws of Russian Empire)of 1832, denied regarding the Collection, and which Lenin rejected in socialist law as the vestige of capitalistic institutions, was surviving in the old Code, especially at the obligation relations. The modification of the old Code in 1977, which was introduced in the Goujash Communism,gave it additional modern and market economy elements. It is said that around 40% of the provisions of the new Civil Code are identical in words or at least in content with the provisions of the old Code and its separate acts. The fact means that the old Code kept so many modern law elements even in the socialist regime. The author selected four instruments of the new Code, which seems to be the most interesting in comparison with those of the old Code. Those are ownership, freedom of contract, civil partnership and pain award. The new code restores a single ownership system like Roman law, abolishing multiple types of ownership like Soviet law. On the contrary, curious to say, the present Russian Civil Code of 1994 keeps the multiple types of ownership even after scrapping the socialist regime. The new code restores completely freedom of contract as well, putting an end to plan contracts,though it retains the prohibition of usurious contracts and laesio enormis, which restrict scope of applying freedom of contact even in the market economy. While the Codification Committee tried to give civil partnerships an almost the same protection as marriage, the Parliament, supporting traditional marriage, did not accept it. The institution of pain award for the invasion of personal rights was introduced to the Hungarian legal system as a brand-new one. It is enough to prove the fact of the infringement to demand it, and the victim does not need to prove a damage. Hungary introduced socialist law into the tradition of modern law. After the collapse of the socialist regime it is restoring its original tradition, adding to it the latest fruits of the development of western civil law. Hungary’s own “modern” is not the “central” one like that of England,France nor Germany, but the “modern on the periphery”. However, despite that reservation, the position of the Hungarian civil law fundamentally differed from Soviet law and considerably differs from Russian law after the regime change. |
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| 言語 | en | |||||||||||
| 書誌情報 |
ja : 中央ロー・ジャーナル 巻 21, 号 2, p. 3-34, 発行日 2024-09-30 |
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| 出版者 | ||||||||||||
| 出版者 | 中央ロー・ジャーナル編集委員会 | |||||||||||
| 言語 | ja | |||||||||||
| ISSN | ||||||||||||
| 収録物識別子タイプ | ISSN | |||||||||||
| 収録物識別子 | 1349-6239 | |||||||||||
| 権利 | ||||||||||||
| 言語 | ja | |||||||||||
| 権利情報 | この資料の著作権は、資料の著作者または学校法人中央大学に帰属します。著作権法が定める私的利用・引用を超える使用を希望される場合には、掲載誌発行部局へお問い合わせください。 | |||||||||||
| フォーマット | ||||||||||||
| 内容記述タイプ | Other | |||||||||||
| 内容記述 | application/pdf | |||||||||||
| 出版タイプ | ||||||||||||
| 出版タイプ | VoR | |||||||||||
| 出版タイプResource | http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85 | |||||||||||
